PSYCHOLOGY IN SPORTS CLASS 11TH

 

Unit -9 Physical education

Psychology and sports

DEFINITION  : Psychology is the study of mind, thoughts feeling and behaviour.

According to crow and crow “Psychology is the study of human behaviour and human relationship”       

                                   

Sports Psychology

It deals with the human behavior, motivation and aspiration in particular sports situations to achieve their optimal performance.

IMPORTANCE OF PSYCHOLOGY

• In understanding the behavior: 

Sports psychology is importance for coaches not only to understand the behavior but also in modification of behavior in various sports situations such as coaches should know the interest of players towards physical activity before selecting them for competition.

• Learning the motor skills : 

Sports psychology plays an important role in the learning motor skills which are totally depends on individual’s level of physiological & psychological.

• In controlling the emotions: 

Emotions like anger, disgust, fear, negative & self thinking etc. are not controlled well on time the performance may be decreased so sports psychology is important to every sports pers

• Enhancement of physical components: 

Motivation plays a major role in the enhancement of physical capacities of sports persons such as strength, speed, flexibility, endurance and coordinative abilities.

 GROWTH

The meaning of growth is termed as increase in size, height and weight.  In human body the increase in size of heart, lungs, brain, muscle etc. is known as growth.

 DEVELOPMENT   : The term development  is referred as the             improvement  of functioning.  For example  increase in size of heart is known  as  growth of heart however the improvement of functioning of heart is known as development of the heart.               

Differentiate Between Growth And Development

Growth:

•          It can be measured.

•          Growth occurs up to a particular age.

•          It is related to the changes in human in size, length, weight and height.

•          It is one aspect of human nature and its area is limited.

Development:

•          Its measurement is a hard task and it can be inspected.

•          Development is a long process which is never ending.

•          It is related to the improvement of functioning.

•          It is related to all aspects and its area is Unlimited

ADOLESCENT PROBLEM & THEIR MANAGEMENT

It is an age in which the adolescent gives up the childhood habits and tries to take initiatives in doing something new by himself.

Adolescent Problems

1. Biological Problems:
 Due to rapid physical growth, menstrual cycle starts in Girls which create fear & depression and the voice becomes hoarse in boys.

2. Aggressive Behavior:

There is wide range of behaviors like explosive temper, tantrums,

 physical aggression, fighting, threats or attempt to hurt others it occurs especially when they are compelled to an activity which is against their desire / liking.

 3. Emotionally:
Sudden changes of mood are very normal part of growing up. They
might feel happy in a moment and sad in the other.
Feeling of self-hate and anxiety can make adolescents very depressed

4.  Social Status: They are very much conscious of their self respect.
If the position and prestige is hurt by someone in front of their friends then there will be a big problem for them which become intense.

5.  Freedom: During this period, every adolescent needs freedom because they think that they know everything, there is no need of any parental advice or control.

6. Juvenile Delinquency: Adolescents show their interest in offences like theft, mischief, stealing and violent behavior etc. or teenagers forms a street gangs as well.

7. Drug Abuse: Addiction of prohibited substances are found to be more among teenagers due to curiosity, lack of knowledge & peer group pressure which result into death.

MANAGEMENT OF ADOLESCENT PROBLEM

• Parental guidance: 

Parental should guide their children’s properly at every step and don’t leave them alone in their intense situation.
•  Sympathetic & affectionate attitude: 

The rude behavior of parents makes them aggressive & irritable so always make liberal attitude towards them.
• Democracy in the family: 

Parents should make democratic atmosphere ion the family for the proper growth and development.
•  Father – Mother relationship: 

Never discuss or fight on any topic in front of their children. Always make a healthy relationship.
•  Participation in Co-Curricular activities: 

Participation in sports and cultural activities engage the adolescents or utilize their surplus energy in a positive way which makes them free from stress and strain.
•  Recognition of individuality: 

Sometimes adolescents feel disturbed whenever they are treated like a small kids so always give them due respect and responsibility.

•   Religious Education: Parents should visit to religious places along with adolescents and religious education should also be given which helps in the development of good character.

•  Sex and health education: It is important to talk on sex education frankly and scientific manner with adolescents so that they should not be in under confusion with their rapid physical changes in their bodies.

•  Independence and freedom: Adolescents should be given limited freedom and responsibility according to the situations which makes them responsible and confident.
  

 Team Cohesion

• Definition: The dynamic process reflected in the tendency for a group to stick together and remain united in the pursuit of its instrumental objectives or for the satisfaction of member affective needs.
•  refers to the bond that unites team members to work together toward common goals, characterized by "we-ness" and shared commitment. Key types include task cohesion (working together on tasks) and social cohesion (personal bonds). High cohesion improves communication, trust, and performance. 
• Types of Cohesion (Carron's Conceptual Model):
  • Task Cohesion: Degree to which members work together to achieve common goals (e.g., winning a match).
  • Social Cohesion: Degree to which team members like each other and enjoy personal relationships.
• Factors Affecting Team Cohesion:
  • Environmental Factors: Group size (smaller is often better), contractual obligations.
  • Personal Factors: Individual satisfaction, similarity of goals, commitment.
  • Team Factors: Shared experiences, team stability, success.
  • Leadership Factors: Coach's decision-making style, communication style.
• Importance of Team Cohesion:
  • Improved Performance: Higher cohesion generally leads to better performance, especially in interactive sports (e.g., football, basketball).
  • Better Communication: Members trust each other and share information freely.
  • Increased Motivation: Members feel a sense of belonging and are more committed.
• Methods to Develop Team Cohesion:
  • Goal Setting: Set clear, shared, and attainable team goals.
  • Communication: Encourage open, honest, and frequent communication.
  • Team Building Activities: Organize social events to foster relationships.
  • Define Roles: Clearly define each member's role to minimize conflict. 

Psychological attributes

• Goal Setting: SMART goals (Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, Time-bound) boost motivation and focus.
• Self-esteem: How you value yourself; builds confidence in sports and life .
• Self-talk: The way you talk to yourself; positive self-talk enhances performance and mindset.

- Personality: Influences performance and interactions.

- Motivation: Drives effort and goal-setting.

- Anxiety: Impacts performance under pressure.

- Aggression: Managing emotions in competitive sports.

- Self-esteem: Builds confidence in abilities.

RESILIENCE: Resilience is like a mental muscle 💪 that helps you bounce

 back from setbacks, failures, or tough times. In sports or life, it means:

- Adapting to challenges

- Learning from mistakes

- Staying motivated despite obstacles

STRESS , ANXIETY , DEPRESSION

 Stress: Body's response to demands or threats.

- Anxiety: Feeling uneasy or worried about outcomes.

- Depression: Persistent sadness or loss of interest.

THANK YOU 

GIRISH TOMAR -BPE BPED MPED

SHRIJI BABA SARASWATI VIDYA MANDIR